Range. Subtropical and tropical America; now pantropical. Cultivated in Myanmar.

Uses
Bark: Sharp and bitter with heating properties. Effective against poisons and beneficial in treating abnormalities in the blood, itching and sores. Liquid from boil­ing the bark in water down to half used as mouthwash or held in the mouth to treat toothaches, inflammation, infections and bleeding of the gums. Also, bark boiled and a small amount of the liquid taken to treat severe diarrhea.

Sap: Said to give vitality and increase virility.

Leaf: Crushed tender leaves are made into balls and taken, one in morning and one at night, to treat gonorrhea.

Root: A paste is made and applied to the hooves of cattle to kill or prevent an attack of parasites.

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Origin:
Native to West Indies; now occurring throughout India.

Action:
Bark—astringent, demulcent, anthelmintic, antidysenteric, anti-inflammatory (used in stomatitis, ulcers, swollen gums, dental caries, bronchitis, skin diseases).
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Origin:
Mexico
Medicinal  properties:
- Diabetes
- Diarrhea
- Dyspepsia (flowers)
- Fever
- Kidney pain
- Tuberculosis (root)

1) DeFilipps, Robert A.; Krupnick, Gary A. / PhytoKeys, v. 102. - - p. 1 - 314,  2018.

2) Khare, C.P./ Indian Medicinal Plants. -- Nueva Dheli: Springer, 2007 . - p. 836.

3) Armando González Stuart/ Plants Used in Mexican Plants Used in Mexican Traditional Medicine Traditional Medicine: Their Application and Effects In Traditional Healing Practices. - p. 111.